Some POETRY FORM are well known and there are some protocol for writing it like Sonnet,Haiku,Triolet,Thanbauk,Sijo,Tanka,Ghazal,Rubai etc

but according to me poetry is not just writing under some Rule or protocol .Main Part of Poetry is your imagination

thought and observation of world .

FAMOUS POETRY FORMS :

1.GHAZAL –

The ghazal is a type of Persian poetry written by the Persian mystics and poets Rumi .

He wrote ghazals in Persian and Urdu. Ghazals composed in English by Many POET

Like Agha Shahid Ali,Robert Bly, Friedrich Rückert ,

Rhyming scheme :AA..A..A..A..A  .Here “..” is the line in which rhyming is not required.

RULES : 

1. At least 5 couplet

2.Repetition of a word or set of words after the rhyming word

3.Almost Same Length of both lines of a couplet

4.Each couplet should be meaningful

5.All couplet should be related to same subject

6 PEN NAME or name of POET in the last couplet like “SAN”

Example :

Heart is the fixed Location of love,
Heart  is   sweetest  station of love,
WE All know that Love is only love,
Without the certification of love,
Heart is the known secret place
For the Formation of love,
Fast heartbeat because of someone,
is Just a way of  declaration of love,
Life is between birth and death,
But there in no such duration of love,
Feelings are made by GOD in heaven,
For the transportation of love,
A Golden heart you should have,
for the installation of love
SAN don’t want so write much
All heart has authorization of love

Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Rumi is one of the popular face in its development

2. HAIKU :

A Japanese poetic form

RULES :

1. No Rhyming at all

2.Three lines of form 5-7-5

3.No title

4.Subject Related to Nature

Example :

Glowing in dark night
A Non electrical bulb
behind the firefly

Japanese Poet Basho is considered as Master of Haiku

3.Chastushka   :

A  Russian poetry Form for fun loving people.

Rhyming scheme :ABAB, ABCB, or AABB

RULES :

1.Funny Subject

2. 4 Lines

3. Above mentioned Rhyming scheme

Example :

After the funeral of chicken
Mouth was ready to eat
His whole roasted body
Special both yummy feet

4.RUBAI   :

It is a Persian Poetry Form.

Collection of Rubai is Called Rubaiyat

Rhyming scheme :AABA,

Example :

Now cuckoo will sing
to welcome the spring
with sweet song dedicated  
only to the season’s king

Omar Khayyám is father of Rubai/rubāʿiyāt

5.TRIOLET  :

It is a French poetry Form
of eight lines.

Rhyming scheme :ABaAabAB,

Example At

 

6.VILLANELLE  :

A villanelle (also known as villanesque) is a nineteen-line poetic form consisting of five tercets followed by a quatrain

Rhyming scheme :A¹bA² abA¹ abA² abA¹ abA² abA¹A²

where letters (“a” and “b”) indicate the two rhyme sounds, upper case indicates a refrain (“A”), and superscript numerals (¹ and ²) indicate Refrain 1 and Refrain 2

Example At

 

 

7.MATHPOEM :

A poem having at least one mathematical term like equation/formula etc.

Rule 1 : Rhyming scheme is all your choice

Rule 2 : Subject – anything

Example At

 

8.KATAUTA :

A  Japanese poetic form that consists of 17 or 19 syllables .

Syllables scheme : 5,7,5     or     5 ,7 ,7

Subject : Love

Example At

 

9.THAN BAUK :

 It’s a  Burmese witty poetry form of three lines of four syllables each.

Rhyming scheme :  

4th syllable ->A                  —–Line 1

3rd syllable ->A                  —–Line 2

2nd syllable ->A                 ——Line 3

 

EXAMPLE :

A practice of  bark
Dog in dark night
But park need peace

 

10.PATHYA VAT :

Pathya Vat is a Cambodian verse form, consisting of four lines of four syllables each, where lines two and three rhyme .

It can be of more than one stanza . When a poem consists more than one stanza then last line of the previous stanza rhymes with the

second and third lines of the following one

Rhyming scheme :  

**********
******** A
******** A
******** B

**********
******** B
******** B
******** C

**********
******** C
******** C
******** D

 

Example At

 

 

11.COPLA POETRY :

It’s a Spanish Poetry form of four verses .

Coplas normally consist of four verses ,

that is, of no more than eight syllables

to a line of four lines each .

 

METER USED : 8- 8a 8- 8a, 7- 5a 7- 5a ,8a 8b 8b 8a

Note : a and b indicate NEAR RHYME

Example At

 

12.JUEJU POETRY :

Jueju is a style of jintishi (“modern form poetry”) that grew popular among Chinese poets.

Jueju poems are always quatrains ,or, more specifically, a matched pair of couplets .

Poet Wang Wei was the master of jueju

Wang Wei

Writing Rules : 

1.Rhyme on even numbered lines

2.Lines should be of fixed length (5,6,7 syllables)

3.Write as a pair of couplets

4.Rhyme rule A ,B ,C,B

5.The lines must contain a caesura before the final trisyllable

6.Maintain Tonal pattern ,follow the Iambs pattern

 

Example At

 

 

13.TWIN RHYME :

Twin Rhyme is a poem of 4 lines any theme

With below rule :

 

1.Length of the line should be almost same

2.Rhyming scheme should be followed

 

Rhyming scheme :

A   B
A   B

……

A   B

Example : 

Not really sure,kind of
But heart can find love
When emotion start flying
Like a white blind dove

 

 

14. GUSHI POETRY:

Gushi is one of the main classical Chinese poetry forms .

 

Writing Rules : 

1. Two pair of  couplets.

2. Same line length

3. 5 or 7 syllables per line

4. Words used should be of 1 syllable only

5. Rhyming at the end of couplets

6. caesura before last 3 words(syllables)

 

15. Khlong Thai POETRY:

Khlong is the among oldest Thai poetic forms .

Writing Rules : 

1.Four lines of length

2.Each lines( called BAT )  are divided into 2 part (WAK).

by white spaces

3. First WAK of each lines(BAT) has five syllables

4.Second WAK of each lines(BAT) has

two or four syllables in the first and third bat, two syllables in the second, and four syllables in the fourth

5.Tone pattern is also followed

 

Rhyming structure of one stanza :

OOOOO         OA(OO)

OOOOA          OB

OOOOA         OO(OO)

OOOOB        OOOO

Note : Each letter represents a syllable; A and B represent rhyming syllables.

Tone pattern :

กกกก่ก้                     กก(กก)

กก่กกก                     ก่ก้

กกก่กก                     กก่(กก)

กก่กกก้                      ก่ก้กก

For marked syllable we have to take care

about tonal pattern .

tonal pattern -11

7 – mai ek = dead syllable high/mid class consonant (straight mark)

4 – mai tho = dead syllable low class consonant (tick mark)

 

Tone rule : 

1.mai ek should have low tone or falling tone

2.mai tho should have high/middle tone or rising tone

 

Example At

 

 

16. LIWULI POEM:

The liwuli is a poetic form of  Singapore.

Writing Rules : 

1. Imperatives          : The first  stanza is phrased as imperatives or instructions of 31 syllables in the form of a prose poem.

2.Building Block      :The second stanza consists of 14 syllables, broken into 3 lines.Build your Main Idea here.

3.Question section  :The third stanza consists of 10 syllables, broken into 2 lines.Poet should ask one or more questions .

Example At

 

17. DOHA POETRY:

Doha (Hindi: दोहा, Urdu: دوہا) is a form of self-contained rhyming couplet in poetry.

Doha couplet of Kabir das is very popular in India

 

Kabir Das

Rhyming scheme :

xxxxA
xxxxA

Some Basic Rules:

1.Each lines should have 24 instants (Matras).
Matra is Vowel Sign in Hindi

2.Below are the list of Matras in English according to translation:

3.Each line should have 13 instants in first part and 11 instants in the second part

4.Use the symbol | at end of first line and || at the end of second line for look of Doha

5.Grammar is not much important

Example :

Noble Nature of good and Pure People, Remain unaffected by bad company and Co |
Like sandalwood don’t absorb poison,Even when snake bind around it pass run and go ||

 

18. ZEJEL:

The zejel, pronounced “seh-HELL,” is a Spanish verse form .

Rhyming scheme :

xxxA
xxxA

xxxB
xxxB
xxxB
xxxA

xxxC
xxxC
xxxC
xxxA

…….

OR

xxxA
xxxA
xxxA

xxxB
xxxB
xxxB
xxxA

xxxC
xxxC
xxxC
xxxA

…….

Example @ 

 

19. BALASSI STANZA:

The Balassi stanza is named after the Hungarian Balint Balassi.

Rhyming scheme : 

xxxA
xxxA
xxxD

xxxB
xxxB
xxxD

xxxC
xxxC
xxxD

SYLLABLE COUNTS : 667667667

Example At

 

20. SARABAND:

Saraband is originated from SPAIN.

Rhyming scheme : 

1.Spanish rhyme  : aaa bcbc or axa bcbc

2.French rhyme  :  axa bbcc

3.Italian rhyme   :  aaa bccb or axa bccb

For the purist each line comprises of Eight (8) syllables
but there are examples of Iambic and Trochaic pentameter also.

 

Example at 

 

21. YADU:

The Ya-Du is Burmese poetry form .

SYLLABLE COUNTS : 4-4-4-4-5/7/9/11

Rhyming scheme : 

1. BASED ON CLIMBING Rhyme

 

23. URDU GEM:

A poetry form based on use of -e- and -o- of URDU

 

Below picture contain the detail :

 

Example At

 

24. TANAGA:

A Filipino poetry form.

SYLLABLE COUNTS : 7-7-7-7

Rhyming scheme :  AABB

Example At

 

25. SCHUTTELREIM COUPLET:

Schuttelreim is a German poetic couplet

Rhyming scheme :  AA

SWITCH RULE : Switching the initial consonants of
last 2 words in the first line with the initial consonants
of the last 2 words in the second line.

Example below :

 

 

26. PEN NAME:

Inclusion of name of poet is main in this poetry form.

Below is the format to write :

………a
………a symetrical (eg HAIKU1)
……….
………a
…….PEN NAME …… 
………b
………b
……… symetrical (eg HAIKU2)
………b

Example At

27. SISINDIRAN POETRY:

It’s a Sudanese poetry form

Rules :

1.Number of lines – 4

2.It has two part
a)Cover without meaning
b)Content the real meaning
Sound and pattern links both

Example At

28. BACK RHYME:

Back Rhyme poem follow below rules :

xxxxxxxxxxA
xxxxxxxxxAB
xxxxxxxxxBC
xxxxxxxxxCD
………………..

Where x,A,B,C,D are rhyming syllable

Example is below:

 

29. chüeh-chü(Broken Sentence) :

chüeh-chü is a Chinese poetry form developed as a part of Tang Poetry

Rules :

1.chüeh-chü  is a four-line poetic form

2.syllables – 5/7

3.rhyme scheme – abcb/aaba

4. paralleism – Line1 and Line2 are parallel to each other

5.Line 1 and 2 are complete sentence
but line 3 and line 4 are incomplete grammatical unit

6. Line3+line4 = single sentence
These lines are broken into two verse line

Example is at

30. PANTUN :

Pantun is a popular Malay poetic form developed in 15th century.
It is actually quatrain having two couplet.

Rules :

1.Rhyme Scheme : ABAB

2.Number of Lines : 4

3.First couplet and second couplet appear disconnected

4.Syllable Count : 8 – 12

5.It should be allusive

Example is at

31. Masnavi(Mathnawi) :

Mathnawi/Masnavi poetry is part the part of Arabic,Urdu,
Turkish and Persian poetry form.

Rules :

1.Rhyme Scheme : AA/BB/CC/DD/..

2.Number of lines/couplets is not defined

3.Not limitation on Syllable Count

Example At

 

31. CHOKA(WAKA) :

Choka is a Japanese poetry form
and part of WAKA poetry.
It was composed by Yamanoue no Okura

 

Rules :

1.No Rhyme Scheme

2.Choka consist of 5-7 on phrases repeated at least twice

3.It should be concluded with a 5-7-7 ending

4.Final pattern 5-7 5-7 5-7 .. ..5-7-7

Example AT

32.Minnesang :

Minnesang developed in Germany as courtly love poetry.

Rules :

1.Rhyme scheme : ABAB CDC

2.AB AB are called stollen and jointly known as Aufgesang

3.Last stanza CDC is called Abgesang

4.D is called Waise (‘orphan’)

Example AT

33.Pantoum :

The pantoum is a form of Malay poetry.

Rules :

Stanza 1
A
B
C
D

Stanza 2
B
E
D
F

Stanza 3
E
G
F
H

Stanza 4
G
I (or A or C)
H
J (or A or C)

Where A,B,C,D,E,F etc represent one Verse Line

EXAMPLE AT

34.Rondel:

Rondel is a verse form originating in French lyrical poetry of the 14th century.It is similar to Malay verse form Pantoum.

Rules :

Stanza 1
A
B
b
a

Stanza 2
a
b
A
B

Stanza 3
a
b
b
a
A
(B)

Example At

35.LIRA:

Lira is a Spanish poetry form of Italian origin.

Rules :

1.syllabic, the lines are usually 7 and 11 syllables per line.

2.The last line of the stanza is always 11 syllables.

3.Rest three lines can be 7 syllabic.

4.Rhyme aBabB, here B shows repetition.

Example at

36.Letrilla :

Its a Spainish form of verse developed around 16th century.

Rules of composition :

1.No limit in number of lines
2.6/8 syllable per line
3.Rhyme scheme : AA bccb ba AA or AA bcccba AA

Example At

37.Kundaliya :

Kundaliya is very famous among the Indian poets.
Particularly who writes mostly in Hindi and other
Local language.

Rules :

1.ROLA – It is same like DOHA poetry but having 11/13 format not the 13/11 format

2.It contain 1 DOHA and two ROLA

3.Start with DOHA followed by ROLA

4.Starting and ending words should be same

Example at

38.Terza Rima :

Terza rima is a rhyming verse stanza form that consists of an interlocking three-line rhyme scheme. It was first used by the Italian poet Dante Alighieri.

Dante Alighieri

Meaning of Terza is Third and Rima is Rhyme.

Below is the rules of writing :

1.There is no set rhythm.

2.Rhyme Scheme :A-B-A, B-C-B, C-D-C, D-E-D

3.Ending scheme : d-e-d, e or d-e-d, e-e

4.There is no limit to the number of lines

39. Viator:

The Viator poem form was invented by Canadian author and poet Robin Skelton. It consists of any stanzaic form in which the first line of the first stanza is the second line of the second stanza and so on until the poem ends with the line with which it began. The term, Viator comes from the Latin for traveller.

Robin Skelton

Format to Write:

Axxx,xAxx,xxAx,xxxA. Here A denote a Line of stanza

Example At

40. LIMERICK:

Limerick is a kid poetry form.

Theme – Funny

Rhyme Scheme – AABBA

RHYTHM –
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM
da DUM da da DUM
da DUM da da DUM
da DUM da da DUM da da DUM

OR
da da DUM da da DUM da da
da da DUM da da DUM da da
da da DUM da da
da da DUM da da
da da DUM da da DUM da da

Example At

41. Corrido:

Corrido is Mexican heart of poetry.

Below is the rules of writing :

1. Number of lines 36 (6 stanzas of 6 lines each or 9 stanzas of 4 lines each)
2. 7 to 10 syllables per line
3. Refrain allowed
4. Rhyme scheme ABAB or ABCBDB

Example at

42. Venpa(Venba):

It is a Tamil poetry form. One of the best know Tamil art work by Thiruvalluvar.

Rule:

1. Follow context-free grammar

2. Meanings:

• monosyllabic word – ner
• biasyllabic – nirai

3. First line Adi should be of four words

4. Second line should have three words

43. BATHOS:

Theme – Comedy

Rhyme Scheme – AABB

Example At

44. FOLIA:

Folia is a Spanish Poetry form

Rhyme Scheme – ABAB CDCD

Rules:

1. Any number of quatrain
2. Ridiculous or nonsensical

Example At